Centos7 部署LNMP环境

Nginx是一款小巧而高效的Web服务器软件，可帮您在Linux系统下快速方便地搭建出LNMP Web服务环境。本教程介绍如何手动在Centos系统上搭建LNMP环境，其中LNMP分别代表Linux、Nginx、MySQL和PHP。
一、准备编译环境
1、临时关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

2、永久关闭防火墙开机自启

systemctl disable firewalld

3、临时关闭SELinux

setenforce 0

4、永久关闭SELinux

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

二、安装nginx
1、添加nginx官方源

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

2、运行以下命令安装nginx

yum install nginx -y

3、运行以下命令查看nginx版本

nginx -v

三、安装MySQL
1、运行以下命令更新YUM源

rpm -Uvh  http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm

2、运行以下命令安装MySQL

yum -y install mysql-community-server

3、运行以下命令查看MySQL版本号

mysql -V

4、运行以下命令启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld

5、运行以下命令设置开机启动MySQL

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

6、运行以下命令查看/var/log/mysqld.log文件，获取并记录root用户的初始密码。

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

7、运行以下命令配置MySQL的安全性

mysql_secure_installation
重置root账号密码。
Enter password for user root: #输入上一步获取的root用户初始密码
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否更改root用户密码，输入Y
New password: #输入新密码，长度为8至30个字符，必须同时包含大小写英文字母、数字和特殊符号。特殊符号可以是()` ~!@#$%^&*-+=|{}[]:;‘<>,.?/
Re-enter new password: #再次输入新密码
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
输入Y删除匿名用户账号。
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y  #是否删除匿名用户，输入Y
Success.
输入Y禁止root账号远程登录。
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #禁止root远程登录，输入Y
Success.
输入Y删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否删除test库和对它的访问权限，输入Y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
输入Y重新加载授权表。
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否重新加载授权表，输入Y
Success.
All done!

四、安装PHP
1、运行以下命令添加epel源

yum install \
https://repo.ius.io/ius-release-el7.rpm \
https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

2、运行以下命令添加Webtatic源

rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

3、运行以下命令安装PHP

yum -y install php70w-devel php70w.x86_64 php70w-cli.x86_64 php70w-common.x86_64 php70w-gd.x86_64 php70w-ldap.x86_64 php70w-mbstring.x86_64 php70w-mcrypt.x86_64  php70w-pdo.x86_64   php70w-mysqlnd  php70w-fpm php70w-opcache php70w-pecl-redis php70w-pecl-mongodb

4、运行以下命令查看PHP版本。

php -v

五、配置Nginx
1、运行以下命令备份Nginx配置文件

cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.bak

2、修改Nginx配置文件，添加Nginx对PHP的支持

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;
}

#添加下列信息，配置Nginx通过fastcgi方式处理您的PHP请求。
location ~ .php$ {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;    #将/usr/share/nginx/html替换为您的网站根目录，本教程使用/usr/share/nginx/html作为网站根目录。
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;   #Nginx通过本机的9000端口将PHP请求转发给PHP-FPM进行处理。
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;        #Nginx调用fastcgi接口处理PHP请求。
}

3、运行以下命令启动Nginx服务

systemctl start nginx

4、运行以下命令设置Nginx服务开机自启动。

systemctl enable nginx

六、配置PHP
1、新建phpinfo.php文件，用于展示PHP信息

vim /usr/share/nginx/html/phpinfo.php 
<?php phpinfo();?>

2、运行以下命令启动PHP-FPM

systemctl start php-fpm

3、运行以下命令设置PHP-FPM开机自启动

systemctl enable php-fpm

七、测试访问LNMP平台
1、打开浏览器，在地址栏输入http://ip/phpinfo.php