Centos7安装Promethus(普罗米修斯）监控系统完整版

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一、yum安装prometheus
1、添加yum源

1. curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/prometheus-rpm/release/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
   
2. 或者手动编写脚本
   
3. vim prometheus_install_yum.sh
   
4. #!/bin/bash
   
5. 
   
6. unknown_os ()
   
7. {
   
8.   echo "Unfortunately, your operating system distribution and version are not supported by this script."
   
9.   echo
   
10.   echo "You can override the OS detection by setting os= and dist= prior to running this script."
    
11.   echo "You can find a list of supported OSes and distributions on our website: https://packagecloud.io/docs#os_distro_version"
    
12.   echo
    
13.   echo "For example, to force CentOS 6: os=el dist=6 ./script.sh"
    
14.   echo
    
15.   echo "Please email support@packagecloud.io and let us know if you run into any issues."
    
16.   exit 1
    
17. }
    
18. 
    
19. curl_check ()
    
20. {
    
21.   echo "Checking for curl..."
    
22.   if command -v curl > /dev/null; then
    
23.     echo "Detected curl..."
    
24.   else
    
25.     echo "Installing curl..."
    
26.     yum install -d0 -e0 -y curl
    
27.   fi
    
28. }
    
29. 
    
30. 
    
31. detect_os ()
    
32. {
    
33.   if [[ ( -z "${os}" ) && ( -z "${dist}" ) ]]; then
    
34.     if [ -e /etc/os-release ]; then
    
35.       . /etc/os-release
    
36.       os=${ID}
    
37.       if [ "${os}" = "poky" ]; then
    
38.         dist=`echo ${VERSION_ID}`
    
39.       elif [ "${os}" = "sles" ]; then
    
40.         dist=`echo ${VERSION_ID}`
    
41.       elif [ "${os}" = "opensuse" ]; then
    
42.         dist=`echo ${VERSION_ID}`
    
43.       elif [ "${os}" = "opensuse-leap" ]; then
    
44.         os=opensuse
    
45.         dist=`echo ${VERSION_ID}`
    
46.       else
    
47.         dist=`echo ${VERSION_ID} | awk -F '.' '{ print $1 }'`
    
48.       fi
    
49. 
    
50.     elif [ `which lsb_release 2>/dev/null` ]; then
    
51.       # get major version (e.g. '5' or '6')
    
52.       dist=`lsb_release -r | cut -f2 | awk -F '.' '{ print $1 }'`
    
53. 
    
54.       # get os (e.g. 'centos', 'redhatenterpriseserver', etc)
    
55.       os=`lsb_release -i | cut -f2 | awk '{ print tolower($1) }'`
    
56. 
    
57.     elif [ -e /etc/oracle-release ]; then
    
58.       dist=`cut -f5 --delimiter=' ' /etc/oracle-release | awk -F '.' '{ print $1 }'`
    
59.       os='ol'
    
60. 
    
61.     elif [ -e /etc/fedora-release ]; then
    
62.       dist=`cut -f3 --delimiter=' ' /etc/fedora-release`
    
63.       os='fedora'
    
64. 
    
65.     elif [ -e /etc/redhat-release ]; then
    
66.       os_hint=`cat /etc/redhat-release  | awk '{ print tolower($1) }'`
    
67.       if [ "${os_hint}" = "centos" ]; then
    
68.         dist=`cat /etc/redhat-release | awk '{ print $3 }' | awk -F '.' '{ print $1 }'`
    
69.         os='centos'
    
70.       elif [ "${os_hint}" = "scientific" ]; then
    
71.         dist=`cat /etc/redhat-release | awk '{ print $4 }' | awk -F '.' '{ print $1 }'`
    
72.         os='scientific'
    
73.       else
    
74.         dist=`cat /etc/redhat-release  | awk '{ print tolower($7) }' | cut -f1 --delimiter='.'`
    
75.         os='redhatenterpriseserver'
    
76.       fi
    
77. 
    
78.     else
    
79.       aws=`grep -q Amazon /etc/issue`
    
80.       if [ "$?" = "0" ]; then
    
81.         dist='6'
    
82.         os='aws'
    
83.       else
    
84.         unknown_os
    
85.       fi
    
86.     fi
    
87.   fi
    
88. 
    
89.   if [[ ( -z "${os}" ) || ( -z "${dist}" ) ]]; then
    
90.     unknown_os
    
91.   fi
    
92. 
    
93.   # remove whitespace from OS and dist name
    
94.   os="${os// /}"
    
95.   dist="${dist// /}"
    
96. 
    
97.   echo "Detected operating system as ${os}/${dist}."
    
98. 
    
99.   if [ "${dist}" = "8" ]; then
    
100.     _skip_pygpgme=1
     
101.   else
     
102.     _skip_pygpgme=0
     
103.   fi
     
104. }
     
105. 
     
106. finalize_yum_repo ()
     
107. {
     
108.   if [ "$_skip_pygpgme" = 0 ]; then
     
109.     echo "Installing pygpgme to verify GPG signatures..."
     
110.     yum install -y pygpgme --disablerepo='prometheus-rpm_release'
     
111.     pypgpme_check=`rpm -qa | grep -qw pygpgme`
     
112.     if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
     
113.       echo
     
114.       echo "WARNING: "
     
115.       echo "The pygpgme package could not be installed. This means GPG verification is not possible for any RPM installed on your system. "
     
116.       echo "To fix this, add a repository with pygpgme. Usualy, the EPEL repository for your system will have this. "
     
117.       echo "More information: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL#How_can_I_use_these_extra_packages.3F"
     
118.       echo
     
119. 
     
120.       # set the repo_gpgcheck option to 0
     
121.       sed -i'' 's/repo_gpgcheck=1/repo_gpgcheck=0/' /etc/yum.repos.d/prometheus-rpm_release.repo
     
122.     fi
     
123.   fi
     
124. 
     
125.   echo "Installing yum-utils..."
     
126.   yum install -y yum-utils --disablerepo='prometheus-rpm_release'
     
127.   yum_utils_check=`rpm -qa | grep -qw yum-utils`
     
128.   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
     
129.     echo
     
130.     echo "WARNING: "
     
131.     echo "The yum-utils package could not be installed. This means you may not be able to install source RPMs or use other yum features."
     
132.     echo
     
133.   fi
     
134. 
     
135.   echo "Generating yum cache for prometheus-rpm_release..."
     
136.   yum -q makecache -y --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo='prometheus-rpm_release'
     
137. 
     
138.   echo "Generating yum cache for prometheus-rpm_release-source..."
     
139.   yum -q makecache -y --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo='prometheus-rpm_release-source'
     
140. }
     
141. 
     
142. finalize_zypper_repo ()
     
143. {
     
144.   zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys refresh prometheus-rpm_release
     
145.   zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys refresh prometheus-rpm_release-source
     
146. }
     
147. 
     
148. main ()
     
149. {
     
150.   detect_os
     
151.   curl_check
     
152. 
     
153. 
     
154.   yum_repo_config_url="https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/prometheus-rpm/release/config_file.repo?os=${os}&dist=${dist}&source=script"
     
155. 
     
156.   if [ "${os}" = "sles" ] || [ "${os}" = "opensuse" ]; then
     
157.     yum_repo_path=/etc/zypp/repos.d/prometheus-rpm_release.repo
     
158.   else
     
159.     yum_repo_path=/etc/yum.repos.d/prometheus-rpm_release.repo
     
160.   fi
     
161. 
     
162.   echo "Downloading repository file: ${yum_repo_config_url}"
     
163. 
     
164.   curl -sSf "${yum_repo_config_url}" > $yum_repo_path
     
165.   curl_exit_code=$?
     
166. 
     
167.   if [ "$curl_exit_code" = "22" ]; then
     
168.     echo
     
169.     echo
     
170.     echo -n "Unable to download repo config from: "
     
171.     echo "${yum_repo_config_url}"
     
172.     echo
     
173.     echo "This usually happens if your operating system is not supported by "
     
174.     echo "packagecloud.io, or this script's OS detection failed."
     
175.     echo
     
176.     echo "You can override the OS detection by setting os= and dist= prior to running this script."
     
177.     echo "You can find a list of supported OSes and distributions on our website: https://packagecloud.io/docs#os_distro_version"
     
178.     echo
     
179.     echo "For example, to force CentOS 6: os=el dist=6 ./script.sh"
     
180.     echo
     
181.     echo "If you are running a supported OS, please email support@packagecloud.io and report this."
     
182.     [ -e $yum_repo_path ] && rm $yum_repo_path
     
183.     exit 1
     
184.   elif [ "$curl_exit_code" = "35" -o "$curl_exit_code" = "60" ]; then
     
185.     echo
     
186.     echo "curl is unable to connect to packagecloud.io over TLS when running: "
     
187.     echo "    curl ${yum_repo_config_url}"
     
188.     echo
     
189.     echo "This is usually due to one of two things:"
     
190.     echo
     
191.     echo " 1.) Missing CA root certificates (make sure the ca-certificates package is installed)"
     
192.     echo " 2.) An old version of libssl. Try upgrading libssl on your system to a more recent version"
     
193.     echo
     
194.     echo "Contact support@packagecloud.io with information about your system for help."
     
195.     [ -e $yum_repo_path ] && rm $yum_repo_path
     
196.     exit 1
     
197.   elif [ "$curl_exit_code" -gt "0" ]; then
     
198.     echo
     
199.     echo "Unable to run: "
     
200.     echo "    curl ${yum_repo_config_url}"
     
201.     echo
     
202.     echo "Double check your curl installation and try again."
     
203.     [ -e $yum_repo_path ] && rm $yum_repo_path
     
204.     exit 1
     
205.   else
     
206.     echo "done."
     
207.   fi
     
208. 
     
209.   if [ "${os}" = "sles" ] || [ "${os}" = "opensuse" ]; then
     
210.     finalize_zypper_repo
     
211.   else
     
212.     finalize_yum_repo
     
213.   fi
     
214. 
     
215.   echo
     
216.   echo "The repository is setup! You can now install packages."
     
217. }
     
218. 
     
219. main

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2、更新yum源

1. yum clean all
   
2. yum repolist
   
3. yum search prometheus

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3、安装prometheus

1. yum install -y prometheus2

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4、启动prometheus,并加入自启

1. systemctl start prometheus
   
2. systemctl enable prometheus

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二、二进制安装prometheus
1、下载prometheus
从 https://prometheus.io/download/ 下载相应版本，安装到服务器上官网提供的是二进制版，解压就能用，不需要编译
上传prometheus-2.28.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
2、解压安装包

1. tar -zxvf prometheus-2.28.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
   
2. mv /usr/local/prometheus-2.28.1.linux-amd64/ /usr/local/prometheus

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3、解压后当前目录会包含默认的Prometheus配置文件promethes.yml，下面配置文件做下简略的解析：

1. # 全局配置
   
2. global:
   
3.   scrape_interval:     15s # 设置抓取间隔，默认为1分钟
   
4.   evaluation_interval: 15s #估算规则的默认周期，每15秒计算一次规则。默认1分钟
   
5.   # scrape_timeout  #默认抓取超时，默认为10s
   
6. 
   
7. # Alertmanager相关配置
   
8. alerting:
   
9.   alertmanagers:
   
10.   - static_configs:
    
11.     - targets:
    
12.       # - alertmanager:9093
    
13. 
    
14. # 规则文件列表，使用'evaluation_interval' 参数去抓取
    
15. rule_files:
    
16.   # - "first_rules.yml"
    
17.   # - "second_rules.yml"
    
18. 
    
19. #  抓取配置列表
    
20. scrape_configs:
    
21.   - job_name: 'prometheus'
    
22.     static_configs:
    
23.     - targets: ['localhost:9090']

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4、直接使用默认配置文件启动

1. /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file="/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml" &

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5、验证启动

1. [root@prometheus opt]# netstat -nutlp|grep 9090
   
2. tcp6       0      0 :::9090                 :::*                    LISTEN      4726/prometheus

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6、访问prometheus界面
通过浏览器访问http://服务器IP:9090就可以访问到prometheus的主界面


7、做成服务，设置成开启自启动

1. vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
   
2. [Unit]
   
3. Description=Prometheus Monitoring System
   
4. Documentation=Prometheus Monitoring System
   
5. 
   
6. [Service]
   
7. ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus
   
8.   --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data
   
9.   --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
   
10.   --web.listen-address=:9090
    
11. 
    
12. [Install]
    
13. WantedBy=multi-user.target

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8、创建目录

1. mkdir /usr/local/prometheus/data

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9、设置开机自启
启动前先kill掉原来的服务，否则不能成功启动

1. systemctl daemon-reload
   
2. systemctl enable prometheus
   
3. systemctl start prometheus

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